Churchill dies at home in London in 90 years (2023)

January 24, 1965

Por Anthony Lewis
Especially for the New York Times

London, Sunday, January 24, Winston Churchill is dead.

The big figure, which was prepared for the will of the man to oppose tyranny, this morning in history. He was 90 years old.

Her old friend and doctor, Lord Moran, gave the world the news after informing Queen Elizabeth and the first Harold Wilson.

Lord Moran's announcement said:

"Sir Winston died at home shortly after 8 a.m.

(Signed) Moran.

Lord Moran's announcement was read out to journalists near Churchill's house at 8:35 a.m. (3:35 a.m., New York time).

About 30 press members were in the rain at the entrance to the Hyde Park Gate, the small road south of Kensington Gardens, where Sir Winston had lived for so long. A journalist of the press association told him the explanation of Lord Moran.

Lord Moran had arrived in the house at 7: 18.A few minutes earlier, Sir Winston's son Randolph had also headed Lady Churchill and his daughter Sarah and Randolph's son Winston.

Another daughter, Mary, Frauchristopher Soames, also survives Sir Winston. The survivors are 10 grandchildren and three big ones -two days ago.

Queen Elizabeth II sent Lady Churchill the following message:

"The whole world is the poorest for the loss of its genius on many sides, while the survival of this country and the sisterations of the Commonwealth, in view of the greatest danger that endangered his unexpected courage."

The first minister Wilson immediately recognized his illustrious predecessor in office.

"Sir Winston is cried all over the world for everyone who owes him so much," said Wilson. "Now he is in peace after a life in peace that he has created and will be remembered while the story is read. "

The world observed and waited since January 15, when it became known that Sir Winston had suffered a stroke. The last authentic giant of world politics in the 20th century decreased.

The fight continued for nine days. Medical experts said that only phenomenal persistence and the spirit of life could allow a 90 man to protect death under these circumstances for so long.

But these were the characteristics that they made from Winston Churchill, a historical figure in his life. Cleaning that Great Britain gathered to victory in the Second World War saved not only in this country, but also freedom everywhere.

Sir Winston receives a state funeral, the first citizen who has been honored in 1898 since the death of William Ewart Gladstone.

The body will be in the state of Westminster Hall for several days. After a long Westminster march, the services in the cathedral of San Pablo are performed, the huge dome of which dominated so much London.

Today was the birthday of the death of Sir Winston's father, Lord Randolph Churchill, a somewhat eccentric conservative politician.

For practically everything in Great Britain, Sir Winston's death will be a personal loss to break the heart, and a symbolic break with a past whose glory has already faded.

It is also the end of an era for the world.

Sir Winston will always be remembered as the great war leader who challenged Hitler, but he was more than that, a greater personality than life, an extraordinary man in language and character as well as war and politics.

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was one of the best men of his time. It was the axis of the great alliance of 26 nations, which had exceeded the forces of the axis after almost six years.

For him, as far as his compatriots are concerned, he arrived his best moment in 1940 when Great Britain was alone, surrounded by sea and air. He defined all his skills as a speaker to collect British pride and courage and all his skills as a statesmanand to maintain foods.

With almost all of Europe under or shortly before the Nazi boat, it was Sir Winston who played this challenge for the enemy:

"We will not mark or fail. We will continue at the end, we will fight in France, fight in the seas and in the oceans, fight with growing self -confidence and a growing force in the air, defend our island, regardless of the costs,We will fight on the beaches, we will fight in the land of unchanging, we will fight in the fields and streets, we will fight in the hills; we will never give up, and even if that, that is, that, that is,, that is,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, that, that, that, that, that, that, that,,,, the, the, the, the, the,,That, the, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what,, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what,, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what, what it is, that, that, the, that, that, that, there, thereS, that, what, what, what, what, the,, the, the, the, the, the,, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, we,We, we have given and even and even if and even if and even and even and even and even if Lono was created for a mome, this island or a large part was damped and hungry, so that our kingdom next to that of the BritishFleet armed and protected sea and power approaches the rescue and liberation of the old "

Since President John F. Kennedy in 1963, checking an honorary citizen from the United States: "Mobilized the English language and sent it to battle."

In addition to his fame as a global statesman and global strategist, he received the award as an artist and fame as a historian and author. He received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1953.His oratorio recognized a special appointment.

In 1953, Queen Elizabeth II, the last of the six British sovereign, gave her the highest cavalry regulations that a citizen can reach when he made an accompanying chip scholarship in the order of the league.

Great like the contribution to the victory strategy in the First World War, the Soviet Union, the Soviet Union and the United States. He was a warm friend of Franklin D. Roosevelt and a touch employee with Josef Stalin.

For this purpose, Sir Winston, who was 66 years old, was tireless as Prime Minister in May 1940: He was constantly in March in Washington in Moscow, at the various fronts and conferences of Big Three. In Tehran, Yalta and finally in Potsdam.

In the middle of this post -war conference in 1945 he knew that the British people had led to research. As a leader, the opposition fought against socialism for the next six years at home and communism abroad.Minister was.

He was one of the first voices that warn of the dangers of the Soviet expansion exploitation of peace because he was one of the first to scream with the hidden danger of hytlerism.

On March 5, 1946, he gave his famous speech in Fulton, Missouri.Although he no longer spoke as a member of the government, his words were blinded around the world.

Presented by President Harry S. Truman, he said:

"From Stettin, in the Baltic Sea to Treeste, in the Adriatic, an iron curtain that falls down through the continent. All capitals of the old states of Central and Eastern Europe are behind this line: Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, Vienna, Budapest, Belgrast, BucharestAnd Sofia: All of these famous cities and the population groups around them can be found in the Moscow control measure.

In his 81st year, on April 5, 1955, Sir Winston retired as the first minister, but held his seat in the House of Commons until shortly before the total elections last October, when he announced for around 90 years.

After he had been selected continuously since 1924, he became the "father of the house of the commons".

Sir Winston, whose mother of the ex -Jennie Jerome was in New York, never stopped promoting the solidarity of the English peoples everywhere and civilization peace, he believes.

Sir Winston was born on November 30, 1874 in Blenheim Palace, who was built for his illustrious ancestor, Marlborough's first duke, and his father, Lord Randolph Churchill, who had a famous political career, was the third son of Marlborough's seventh duke.

Winston was a son of a smaller and emotional, sometimes shy, sometimes very enforced. From his mother and nurse was deeply tied, Frauverest. As she became one of her best figures, Mrs.'s Photo.Everest was on his table.

After visiting a small private school in which he was brutally alive, Winston was sent to Harrow. Merch sometimes failed in his admission exams to the Royal Military College in Sandhurst and was finally admitted to the "cavalry class", a kind of back school forYoung knights who are rich enough to make their own horses available.

The young Churchill concluded in Sandhurst in 1894 and became a lieutenant in the rooms of the hussars (from the queen). At this point there was an active service, he went to Cuba as a war correspondent without foregoing his commission.

In autumn 1897 he fought as a war correspondent in the border expeditions in India, a double role.1898 he had the same fight to fight in Sudan.

The young Churchill returned to England before the start of the year. He wanted to go to Oxford, but he had nothing more than Latin or the Greek that was needed for registration and decided to get to politics immediately.He was defeated in a hopeless race for a seat in the house of the common goods.

The South African war began on October 11, 1899 and the young Churchill went back to the field, again with the comfortable vague state of the corresponding officer. It was his fifth campaign and was not 25 years old.

On November 15, the train was attacked by the boats when he took part in a protected train recognition. The young man corresponds to his gun on the train when he tried to escape the emotion and was captured when he passed railway cut.

The internship during the war duration planned an escape that finally brought a characteristic explosion of skill and luck.his nose and cannot pronounce the letter properly ".

Back in England, Sir Winston was back in the Oldham Parliament and this time he won and was sitting in the House of Commons for the first time on January 23, 1901.

The young member of Oldham kept the tradition of his father to be difficult in 1904 he crossed the ground and joined the liberals. In 1908 he was rewarded with the full position of the office of the chairman of the trade council.He was 33 years old.

When the liberal party consolidated its power in the 1910 elections, Churchill was appointed Interior Minister. Interior Minister seemed ready to use troops to suppress work disorders, especially in mining districts in Kohle -Wales.

On October 21, 1911, Churchill climbed into the most important position of the first Lord of the Admiral.

Churchill brought a talent for this position, while he was confronted with the organization, as well as a knowledge of the global strategy that went far beyond sandhurst or his experiences with Indian and African struggle.

On August 4, 1914, the state of war between Great Britain and Germany was explained.The luck, the forecast and the quick action by Churchill led to the quick meeting and without complications of the British fleet in their docks.

However, it did not spend much time before the publication of Winston Churchill conflicts in conflict with the heaviest characters associated in the war efforts. They only saw war in France.

Great Britain and France soon committed to a bloody and dead struggle of the German armies in France. The first minister Herbert Asquch and Lord Kitchener, the secretary of the war, believed that the victory would go to those who were the highest in Flanders.Lorraine, and the blows would be so that the world had never seen before.

Winston Churchill realized that the existence of a British fleet in Guarda in Scapa Flow was the main Brochol in his country.this forehead was committed.

But as a student of Mahan, he believed in the strategic use of the British Power Reserve to relieve pressure on the main front and to find and explore the flanks of the conflict.

The possibility of action in the Mediterranean, as stimulants for the heads of strategic geniuses such as Nelson and Napoleon, fascinated Churchill's agile imagination in World War II and the Second World War and the Second World War and the Secondness he and his government contested men and ships for a Dardanelle expedition that believed, which believed,He would "increase the Balkans to the bottom of Germany" and pave a way to Russia through the Black Sea.

Especially as a result of the enthusiasm of Churchill, a British franc's naval and military knowledge was sent to try to open the Dardanelles.Support of the first sea of the admiral of the first sea of the Admiral, Admiral John (Jackie) Fisher, the popular marine figure.

After a heavy marin route, the first infantry units arrived on April 25, 1915 on the Gallipoli peninsula.In months of the desperate struggle in British and imperial troops, their French allies kept in a bread several times, but they could not drop the steep Turks of the Rock Hills.The expedition was abandoned and the last troops were removed on January 6, 1916.

Churchill's political career reached an abrupt break in front of Gallipoli's evacuation.

After a few months in a Sinecure cabinet, as Chancellor of the Lancaster Duchy, Churchill took place in early November 1915 from the government of short update course, he became a lieutenant colonel and became responsible for the sixth royal rumiles of the Scots.

The dissatisfaction with the war behavior led Aquith's resignation on December 5, 1916.David Lloyd George became the first to serve whether Churchill was included. Lilloyd George had to wait until July 15, 1917 to name Churchill, Minister of ammunition.

On January 15, 1919, Churchill became secretary of the war and stood the politically undesirable task of demobilizing the armies of the First World War in Great Britain.

In January 1921, Churchill left the war office to take the position of colonial secretary, and became chairman of the Irish matters.

Churchill returned to the conservative party in 1924 and on November 4, the first Chancellor, the Stanley Baldwin, called him a treasure chancellor. He was a position that his father had maintained and was the highest position of the government in honor of the first minister.

Important disagreements between the first minister of Baldwin and his treasure chancellor. The spirit of the country at the time was widespread, and Baldwin was convinced that the British people wanted peace at almost any price.should.

Churchill's term of office as a treasure chancellor ended in 1929 with the case of the conservative government.For some time, differences between Baldwin and Churchill over India.Churchill believed that Baldwin had made a mistake by doing so extensively with Mohaandas K. Gandhi, the head of the India independence movement.

As a result, Churchill resigned to the conservative party management group.

The first Ramsay Macdonald, who came to power in 1929, took place in Baldwin in 1935.

Many believed that Churchill's political power was so great that Baldwin would not dare to exclude him from the government, but was not included in Churchill.

In the early nineteenth century, Churchill, a medium -sized carrier and sometimes a little struggled with the dignity, the great young spirits joined to cut the figure the world in the Second World War.

Sir Winston lived generously in the international world of fashion and politics.

Churchill's profits were great as an author and journalist, but his life scale demanded his Due Diligence as a teacher and investor.

Churchill spent a large part of his time between 1931 and 1935 in his Chartwell house in Kent. He was an enthusiastic amateur mason and built garden walls and a pool.

In 1932 Churchill attended Germany and agreed to make Hitler. The Nazi leader did not keep the appointment and then wrote Churchill:

"So Hitler has lost his only way to find me."

The drift towards war accelerated on March 7, 1936, when Hitler suddenly occupied the demilitarized area of the Rhine and Churchill was not invited to join the government.

At 6h3.September 1939, seven hours and 45 minutes after Great Britain had declared war on Germany, a wireless flash said British warmen in all parts of the world:

"Winston is back."

Churchill was appointed the first Lord of the Admiral, his position in 1914 when the World War broke out.

On April 9, 1940, Germany collapsed in Norway and the presence of a British expedition forces in Norway was announced on April 15.Hureill played a major role in planning and starting this expedition, but it was a complete failure.

On May 10, Germany broke into the Netherlands and Belgium, and Neville Chamberlain's needy chamberlain assumed that the first minister. King Jorge VI.Invited Churchill to found a new government.

Churchill wrote in his memories:

"But I cannot hide the reader of this true story that when I was about three in the morning, I was aware of a deep feeling of relief. He finally had the authority to give instructions throughout the scene."

Churchill was 65 years old when he became the first minister. He was a proven statesman, politician and military strategist and rarely had a work capacity in his position.

He led his employees to Memorand that they crackled. Normally it was: "Pray, let me know at 4 p.m.

On May 11, the formation of his national coalition government was announced and on May 13th he told the dark parliament that "I have nothing to offer than blood, work, tears and sweat".

In a few days it was obvious that the disaster overwhelmed the French, British and Belgian armies in Flanders, and on May 28, the Belgian King Leopold delivered his strength.Allied troops were evacuated in the night of June 3rd to 4th.

Great Britain was not in this danger of the Spanish Navy, a French military leader predicted that Britain "turns his neck like a chicken".

On June 4, Churchill clearly spoke to the Parliament of Dunkerques evacuation and, as described, acquired a heroic quality of Victoria.

On May 15, Churchill from France found out that the disaster was in progress and flew to Paris the next day. This and four later visits asked the leaders of France to keep their country at war.

In addition, I wanted to determine the facts of the situation to the end that the story would not distort its part or Great Britain in the disaster.French resistance.

Some French leaders had tried to fight. They were skeptical with the results. France from the war on June 22, 1940.

Great Britain was now out of the enemy.

"That is why we prepare our duties, so we will stay when the British Empire and its Commonwealth take a thousand years, the men will still say: 'This was their best time.'"

After the evacuation of Dunkerque, Churchill Great Britain's amazing efforts to prepare domestic defense against the daily expected German invasion.

It didn't take long for the Germans to start the expected long -term air raid, a large part of the Aerodromos -Felder, which was comfortable in France and Belgium. The first difficult attack occurred on July 10th and the highlight of the highlight was September 15 when he wasSomeone was committed if the Great Britain's large air force was able to avoid defeat.

As the Second World War progress, the obvious white tactical house of President Roosevelt, a cultivated statesman and the European mindset and a strong Anglophil.

At the beginning of August 1941, Churchill and President Roosevelt gathered for the first time when they consulted warships from their respective countries in Placenta Bay, NFLD.

At this conference, they quickly and informally attracted the famous Charter of the Atlantic, in which they found that they "look at the right to the public world".

The war quickly became global. The reflux and the flow of Great Britain's assets in Libya battles, British failure in Greece and its victory in Ethiopia as well as the many front problems of the house that Churchill was aware of in 1941.He said that the United States' entry alongside Great Britain was the relief of Churchill. From his feelings at this moment when he later wrote:

"When I was saturated and saturated with emotions and sensation, I went to bed and slept the dream of the rescue and grateful."

Natal, 1941, found Churchill in Washington for the first of several American war conferences.

When he returned home, Churchill found a quick political storm. British are invested in the western desert, the loss of blinded Prince Wales and Battle Cruise -kel.Haus finally agreed to trust the government 461 to 1.

President Roosevelt sent his congratulations to Churchill. "It is fun to be with them in the same decade," the president received.

In March 1942 Churchill flew to Moscow for the first of several conferences with Stalin.

In January 1943 the president and the first minister near Casablanca, Morocco, where Roosevelt said a "unconditional" handover policy for Germany.Churchill's enthusiasm for this policy was a little less than that of Roosevels, but he was strictly sticking to thisPolitics.

In August of the same year, the help of China was an important topic that the two statesmen discussed in Quebec. In Cairo, the two met in November with Generalism Chiang Kai -Shek from China, for the Allied war goals later, in the same, in the sameMonth, the first minister -churchill and President Roosevelt in Tehran, the Iran, with the first -with the first -minister Stalin.

Of all meetings in the war times of the Allied leaders, none was controversial as the meeting of Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin in Yalta, Crimea, February 1945.

The first minister whose main concerns consisted of maintaining satisfactory Polish borders for Great Britain.

During the rest of the war in Europe, Churchill was persistent, but not always successful because he had his successive strategic ideas. Churchill supported the general's plans with all its strength.

On May 7, 1945, the first minister proclaimed the end of European hostilities in a program to the British people. A week later, his coalition government separated. In the elections, the conservatives were defeated.

In a election in February 1950, the Labor government broke out with the most of six. Then Churchill forced an election and his conservative party was returned to power in October 1951, but with most of the years together of sixteen years.

On April 24, 1953, the cavalry of the Queen of the Order of the League was crowned.

Sir Winston fed up with war and his horror and would like to create his career through a permanent and permanent world peace structure. March 5, 1953, he announced commons that the moment for a conference on the great powers, including the Soviet Union, was ripe to be ripe for Pacific solutionsto find for his problems.

On June 27, the first minister, seventy and ninth grade, suffered a light paralytic blow and was missing at his table until August 19.

For a while he wanted a conference with the United States and France to negotiate a peaceful business between the Soviet and West Union.President of the United States, and Joseph Laniel, French -First. The results of the meetings fell considerably under the hopes of Sir Winston.

On April 27, 1954, a conference of the great powers, including the Communist China, opened in Hope to lure the United States with Great Britain to a common front, Sir Winston and Foreign Minister Anthony Eden flew to Washington on June 24th, Washington,To see President Eisenhower and Secretary John Foster Dulles about the problems that arise in Geneva.

On April 1, 1955, Queen Elizabeth and a group of most famous people from the Kingdom were the guests of Sir Winston in the 10 Downing Street. Next day Sir Winston called the queen in Buckingham Palace and received her resignation as prime ministerpresent. he has.

When he retired, Sir Winston often visited French Riviera and Monte-Carlo. When visiting Riviera in 1958, he was affected by pneumonia and pleurisia. In his recovery he returned to England.

In 1962 he fell when he got out of bed in Monte Carlo and broke his left thigh.

According to the most competent critics, no state - the file or military figure in the first half of the 20th century wrote better prose than Winston Churchill. The Nobel Prize in 1953 was granted. It was the sixth British.

When Churchill's historical narrative style was at his best, he was not overcome by writing his species everywhere.

Sir Winston wrote over 20 books and his speeches and other documents were collected in other volumes. His first book "The History of Malakand Field Force" was published in 1898 and told his adventures in the army in India.Hundreds were published, his experiences in the war told in Egypt and South Africa.

"The River War", a story of the disclosure of the Egyptian Sudan of 1898, was Churchill as a promise. His two -bidding biography of his father Lord Randolph Churchill was published in 1906 and praised critical praise.

1923, Mr. Churchill began a four -volume series "The World Crisis", in which he told the history of Europe during and immediately after the First World War.One of these books, "The Unknown War", tells the history of history of history.From the history of the history of the history of the history of history of history., Blood and Batal in the Eastern Front.

Critics said that this book, as a student of the military strategy and the writer, shows the best side of lively and convincing prose.

The first volume of the Churchill studies of his respected ancestor, Marlborough's first duke, was published in 1933.In these books, Churchill Marlborough defended against positions of political betrayal and foster and showed the great commander in the background of his time morality.

Churchill wrote a novel "Savrola, a story of the revolution in Laurania" in 1900.It was a feverish reaction a kingdom of mythical European. In later years, Churchill asked his friends not to read him.

"Savrola" was reprinted in 1956 and became a television drama in New York in which Sara Churchill, Sir Winston's thin actress, played an important role.

For many years, Sir Winston has found time to work on a comprehensive study on British and English peoples. The first volume of this study was published in 1956 and followed three more volumes.

Before the memories of Sir Winston, the Second World War appeared in the form of a six -volume book, Life Magazine and the New York Times, the selection of these books. The first of these articles appeared at Times for April 16, 1948 and the last on 26November 1953.

Churchill was generally known as an enthusiastic painter. The need for distraction after leaving him from the British office in 1915 and before he went to the French front when an infantry officer made him drink.in the oils.

Because of his global fame, many of the Churchill paintings brought good prices. Merch times he gave one who was sold to a purpose of charity. For 1950, 300 of his pictures were at home in Chartwell.

Sir Winston's touch on the screen was softer than Hitlers, who was also looking for relaxation on the easel. He liked the gentle touch of the French impressionists. Sir Winston's paintings are reproduced as Christmas cards for several years.